Software for radiation safety and health risk assessment developed by RPI

The IDSS is intended for a dose assessment under normal or accident conditions. It is а flexible software product equipped with the latest models of radionuclide biokinetic and dosimetry. IDSS has а full set of the ICRP internal dosimetry models. It was used during the preparation of ICRP publications 131, 134, 137, 141.

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The IMIE computer codes are the family of interactive tools for interpretation of the bioassay data, individual dose assessments, tracking the history of exposure, and documentation of the process of assessment. The main aim of the IMIE is the reconstruction of multiple intakes on the base of the body counter or bioassay data.

IMIE was used for measurement analysis and dose calculations in the internal dosimetry program for works within the framework of the Shelter Implementation Plan at Unit 4 of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant.

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KADO (abbreviation in Ukrainian) was established for dose calculation and support decisions about countermeasures. The system includes models for calculation of the atmospheric transport, external and internal doses, as well as a module for justification assessment of emergency and urgent countermeasures. KADO was operated since 2003 at Rivne NPP and was commended by experts from the International Atomic Energy Agency during OSART (Operating Safety Analysis Review Team) missions and by experts of several missions of WANO (World Association of Nuclear Operators plants). By the order of NNEGC “Energoatom”, KADO was adapted and spread for all 4 operating Ukrainian NPPs (15 units). These works were finalized by the RPI in 2014. KADO fully complies with the requirements of Norms of Radiation Safety of Ukraine (NRBU‑97). The Ministry of Health of Ukraine endorsed the use of KADO for emergency response.

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The software was designed to perform calculations of annual effective doses to the critical groups of the population living in the supervision zone of the Rivne NPP for routine atmospheric and liquid discharges from the Rivne NPP. Methods for dose calculation implemented in the software were described in guidance “Monitoring of doses of critical groups of the population of the Rivne NPP supervision zone (during routine atmospheric and liquid discharge)” (2006) endorsed by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine.

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The DoseCalc software is designed to analyze the results of the individual monitoring of internal exposure of NPP personnel and calculate effective internal exposure doses in accordance with the requirements of the NNEGC “Energoatom” Standard “Determination of the effective dose of internal exposure of NPP personnel based on biophysical measurements. Methodical instructions” endorsed by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. The software is used on all Ukrainian NPPs from 2010.

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The FCT is intended for the analysis of individual and collective doses of internal exposure. The main tasks the FCT solves are:

• calculation of individual and collective doses of internal exposure under different conditions of intake of radionuclides;

• calculation of total doses of internal exposure from a group of radionuclides that intake simultaneously;

• reconstruction of internal doses of radionuclides on the basis of measurements on WBC or bioassay samples;

• calculation of local exposure doses to tissues of the human respiratory system due to the inhalation of alpha-emitting aerosols.

FCT is used in the Ministry of Emergencies and Affairs of Protection of the Population from the Consequences of the Chornobyl Disaster (from 2012 – The State Emergency Service of Ukraine).

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The results of dosimetric characterization conducted throughout the post-accident period were summarized in the form of computer interactive information package “Radiation exposure levels of the population living in the contaminated after the Chornobyl accident oblasts of Ukraine; Informational and reference materials for the suffered communities”, that was developed under the aegis of the UN Office in Ukraine – the Chornobyl Recovery and Development Program. The purpose of its creation was to raise awareness of the public and relevant authorities about the current radiation dosimetry and the hygienic situation in the oblasts of Ukraine suffered by the Chornobyl accident.

The Statistical Toolbox was developed for dose-response analysis and estimation in the regression models with uncertainties in the regressor (independent variable). It based on the set of new mathematical methods of the radiation risk estimations under doses errors developed by the RPI and published in the monograph “Radiation Risk Estimation: Based on Measurement Error Models”. As opposed to the world-known epidemiological computer package EPICURE the EPIUKR-based health risk assessments are not biased due to doses uncertainties that inevitably accompany doses estimations.

The computer system was developed under the aegis of the IAEA for radiation doses estimating from different pathways of population exposure and includes ecological and dosimetric models based on international experience (ECOSYS, publication No.65 of Euratom, NCRP publication No.129, etc.), as well as on the extensive experience obtained after Chornobyl accident in Ukraine during mass ecological and dosimetric monitoring. The models take into account the migration of radionuclides in the soil, the transition through the links of the food chain as well as professional, age, and sex peculiarities of human behavior and diet. The Package gives a wide possibility to form exposure scenarios with locally specific values of the environment parameters.